After its service life, the component should not cause high disposal costs; the used materials should render a high value addes for re-utilization.
On principle, a low number of components by limitation (of the quantity) of car types (offer of models) has to be aimed at, in order to increase re-utilization and reprocessing of components. Cases for control devices should possibly consist of one material only.
Especially, for plastic materials, the possibilities of type separation are limited. Material compatibilities and the use of duroplastics have to be checked because of bad recyclability. Plastic materials containing halogens as flame protection agents should not be used.
Surface aspects have to be documented within <material-selection>, too. In case of surfaces, it has to be considered that composite materials should not be used, and that material recycling is made much more difficult or even impossible when materials are refined or painted. Furthermore, surfaces containing cadmium are forbidden.
In the section <labelling> the designation of materials can be characterized by referencing to respective standards (e.g. plastic materials according to [DIN 54840;DIN 54840;;all;], [VDA 260;VDA 260;;all;] and metals according to DIN ISO).
In the section <fogging> limiting values and standard values are documented.
In the section <part-material-list> a listing of the manufacturer concerning the material composition (physical) of the component can be documented. A pattern for a corresponding table can be gathered from Pinnacles Component Information Standard Draft Version 1.0 March 1994 . The listing serves, among other things, for the determination of useful ways of reprocessing considering economical features, the design which meets requirements of recycling (minimization of dismantling and separation time, suitability for automatic dismantling) and for the reduction of the diversity of materials (e.g. standardization of case materials).
In the section <chemical-elements-list> a listing of the manufacturer concerning the chemical composition of the component produced by him can be documented. A pattern for a corresponding table can be gathered from Pinnacles Component Information Standard Draft Version 1.0 March 1994. The materials, which are significant due to their characteristics in the dump as well as within thermal reprocessing/disposal techniques (partially regulated by legal regulations) are registered. This listing supports the decision if the component is to be dismantled, especially when an option for limiting values for contaminants is considered: The component has to be dismantled or can remain in its location, if there are not any other aspects in favour of dismantling. It has to be the objective to reduce the addition of hazardous materials into the shredding of light waste (SLW) by previous dismantling. After dismantling of the components, a reprocessing/disposal has to be managed using the existing infrastructure for electronic scrap. The existing information are the base, among other things, for substitute material strategies, for dismantling recommendations for reprocessing industry and for answering questions directed to automobile manufacturers concerning problematic and hazardous materials in automobiles.
In the section <problem-material-list> prohibition lists and avoidance lists (ingredient materials, processed materials, regulations concerning the prohibition of chemicals, customer specifications ) as well as preference lists can be documented. Ingredient materials can be evaluated using prohibition and avoidance lists.
Figure 109: Structure of material selection
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